U.S. History STAAR ( State of Texas Assessments of Academic Readiness) Practice Test

Which amendment guarantees equal protection under the law for all citizens born in the U.S.?

1. Thirteenth Amendment

2. Fourteenth Amendment

3. Fifteenth Amendment

4. Nineteenth Amendment

The correct answer is: Fourteenth Amendment

The Fourteenth Amendment is essential because it explicitly includes the Equal Protection Clause, which mandates that no state shall deny to any person within its jurisdiction "the equal protection of the laws." This amendment was passed in 1868, primarily to address the legal status of newly freed slaves after the Civil War and to ensure that all individuals born or naturalized in the United States are treated equally under the law. It provides a fundamental guarantee of civil rights, serving as a cornerstone for many important Supreme Court cases that have advanced civil liberties and social justice over the years. In contrast, the Thirteenth Amendment abolished slavery, the Fifteenth Amendment aimed to protect voting rights regardless of race, and the Nineteenth Amendment granted women the right to vote. While all of these amendments play crucial roles in advancing civil rights, it is the Fourteenth Amendment that specifically addresses the principle of equal protection under the law for all citizens.